Explainer

Employers' liability insurance certificate explained

Employers' liability insurance is one of the few types of business cover that UK law actually compels most employers to buy, and the certificate is the proof. This explainer covers what the certificate must show, who needs one, how long to keep it and the checks worth running before you accept a subcontractor's copy.

8 min read Updated 31 July 2026Recently updated

What the certificate is

An employers' liability certificate is the insurer's confirmation that a business holds cover for injury or illness suffered by its employees in the course of their work. It is a statutory document, not just a commercial nicety, which is why it looks more standardised than other certificates you will see.

What must appear on it

FieldWhy it matters
Name of the insured employerMust match the legal entity engaging the staff, not a trading name
Policy numberLets you verify the policy with the insurer or broker
Insurer nameConfirms it was issued by an authorised insurer
Date cover startsShould be on or before the first day on site
Date cover endsThe field worth tracking, because the certificate dies with it
Limit of indemnityStatutory minimum £5m, commonly £10m in practice

Who needs it and who does not

Broadly, if you employ anyone you need employers' liability cover. The common exemptions are genuine sole traders with no employees, and some family businesses where every employee is a close relative. Company directors who are the only employee sit in a grey area that depends on the company structure, so ask rather than assume.

  • Limited company with staff: certificate expected, no exceptions.
  • Limited company, single director, no other staff: often exempt, ask for written confirmation.
  • Sole trader with no employees: usually exempt, but public liability is still expected.
  • Labour-only subcontractors you direct and supervise: they may count as your employees for insurance purposes, so check your own cover too.

Display and retention

The old rule was a certificate pinned to the wall. The practical modern position is that the certificate must be reasonably accessible to every employee, and an electronic copy that staff can read is accepted. Keeping historic certificates matters more than people expect, because industrial disease claims can surface decades after the work. Treat superseded certificates as records to archive, not clutter to delete.

Checking a subcontractor's certificate

  1. Match the insured name to the company on your contract and your purchase order.
  2. Confirm the limit meets the greater of the statutory £5m and your client's contractual minimum.
  3. Check the period of cover spans your whole programme, not just the mobilisation date.
  4. Look for the insurer's name and an authorised broker, and be wary of a certificate sent as an editable document.
  5. Where the subcontractor claims exemption, get that in writing with the reason.
  6. Diary the expiry immediately, ideally 60, 30 and 7 days out.

Employers' liability versus public liability

Employers' liabilityPublic liability
Who it protectsYour employeesMembers of the public and clients
Legally requiredYes for most UK employersNo, but contractually near-universal
Typical minimum£5m statutory, £10m commonly required£1m to £10m depending on the client
Certificate expectedAlways where staff are employedAlways for on-site or customer-facing work

Keeping this from becoming a monthly chore

The certificate itself takes two minutes to read. The work is doing it across every subcontractor and every year, then noticing the one that quietly lapsed in week three of a nine-month job. Credbase reads the expiry off the certificate, tracks it per subcontractor and chases the renewal before the date, so the check happens whether or not anyone remembers it.

Frequently asked questions

Put this into practice today.

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